Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) is necessary for bringing the unbanked into the institutional finance fold. Do you agree with this for financial inclusion of the poorer section of the Indian society? Give arguments to justify your opinion.

"In the villages itself no form of credit organisation will be suitable except the cooperative society." – All Indian Rural Credit Survey. Discuss this statement in the background of agriculture finance in India. What constraints and challenges do financial institutions supplying agricultural finances face? How can technology be used to better reach and serve rural clients? How can the ‘Digital India’ programme help farmers to improve farm productivity and income? What steps has the Government taken in this regard?

Comment on the challenges for inclusive growth which include lack of skilled manpower in the Indian context. Suggest measures to be taken for facing these challenges.

Women empowerment in India needs gender budgeting. What are the requirements and status of gender budgeting in the Indian context?

What are ‘Smart Cities’? Examine their relevance for urban development in India. Will it increase rural-urban differences? Give arguments for ‘Smart Cities’ vs ‘Smart Villages’ in the light of PURA and RURBAN Mission.

Justify the need for FDI for the development of the Indian economy. Why is there a gap between MOUs signed and actual FDIs? Suggest remedial steps to be taken for increasing actual FDIs in India.

How has globalization led to the reduction of employment in the formal sector of the Indian economy? Is increased informalization detrimental to the development of the country?

What is water-use efficiency? Describe the role of micro-irrigation in increasing the water-use efficiency.